Clean Agent Fire Suppression: HFCs vs. Novec – Choosing the Right Protection

Fires pose a significant threat, demanding effective suppression methods, especially for sensitive environments. Clean agent systems offer a crucial solution, with two prominent types: Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and Novec fluids. While both offer clean and effective fire suppression, key differences exist, making one more suitable than the other depending on the application.

What are HFCs and Novec Fluids?

  • HFCs (Hydrofluorocarbons): These are synthetic compounds containing 0hydrogen, fluorine, and carbon. They are non-conductive, electrically non-conductive, and extinguish fires quickly without leaving residue.
  • Novec Fluids: These are fluorinated ketones, a newer class of clean agents. Novec 1230 is the most widely used in fire suppression. Like HFCs, they are non-conductive and leave no residue.

 

How Do They Work?

Both HFC and Novec systems primarily extinguish fires by absorbing heat, interrupting the combustion process. Some HFCs also have a minor chemical effect on the flame. Crucially, when properly engineered and installed, they do not displace oxygen to hazardous levels in occupied spaces. However, proper ventilation after discharge is always recommended.

Key Differences: HFCs vs. Novec

Feature
HFCs
Novec Fluids (e.g., Novec 1230)
Chemical Makeup
Hydrofluorocarbons (H, F, C)
Fluoroketones
Environmental Impact
Generally have a higher Global
Warming Potential (GWP) and longer
atmospheric lifetime.
Significantly lower GWP
and shorter atmospheric lifetime.
More environmentally friendly.
Cost
Historically, often lower upfront cost.
Can have a higher initial cost,
but long-term benefits
(environmental regulations, etc.)
may offset this.
Performance
Highly effective on Class A, B, and C fires.
Equally effective on Class A, B, and C fires.
Regulations
Increasingly subject to regulations
and phase-downs due to environmental
concerns in some regions.
Generally not subject to the same
level of regulatory scrutiny due to lower
environmental impact.
Safety
Safe for use in occupied spaces
when engineered and used correctly.
Proper ventilation after discharge
is essential.
Safe for use in occupied spaces
when engineered and used correctly.
Proper ventilation after discharge is essential.

Export to Sheets

Benefits Shared by Both

  • Clean and Residue-Free: Both evaporate quickly, leaving no residue, minimizing damage and downtime.
  • Effective Fire Suppression: Both are highly effective on Class A (ordinary combustibles), B (flammable liquids), and C (electrical) fires.
  • Protection for Sensitive Equipment: Ideal for protecting electronics, data storage, and other valuable assets.

 

Applications

Both are used in:

  • Data centers and server rooms
  • Telecommunications facilities
  • Museums and archives
  • Control rooms
  • Financial institutions
  • Healthcare facilities

 

Choosing the Right System

Consider these factors:

  • Environmental impact: Novec is the clear choice for environmentally conscious installations.
  • Budget: Consider both upfront and long-term costs (including potential regulatory changes for HFCs).
  • Local regulations: Be aware of any local restrictions on HFCs.
  • Specific hazards: Both are effective on common fire classes, but specific hazards may influence the best choice.

 

Conclusion

Both HFC and Novec clean agents offer excellent fire protection for sensitive environments. However, the significantly lower environmental impact of Novec fluids makes them increasingly the preferred choice, especially for new installations and upgrades. While HFCs remain a viable option for some applications, understanding the key differences is essential for making an informed decision. Always consult with a qualified fire suppression system professional for proper design, installation, and maintenance.